INTRODUCTION TO ORACLE DATABASE SERVER

ORACLE DATABASE:

   è Oracle is a Relational Database.

   è In Relational Database, All data is stored in two dimensional tables that are composed of rows and columns.

   è Oracle Database enables us to store the data, update it and efficiently retrive it.

   è Oracle provides a software to create and manage the Oracle database.

   è The database consists of Physical and Logical structures in which system, user and control information is stored.

   è The software that manages the database is called as Oracle Database Server.

   è Collectively, the software that runs the Oracle and the Physical Database are called the Oracle Database System.

ORACLE DB SERVER ARCHITECHTURE:

   è Oracle DB Server consists of two main components as

·         Oracle Instance

·         Oracle Database

   è Oracle Instance has the two different sets of components.

·         Background  Processes ( PMON, SMON, RECO, DBWn, LGWR, CKPT, ..etc. )

·         Memory Structures ( SGA, PGA )

   è Oracle Database inclues the two different  structures

·         Logical structures ( Tablespaces, tables, views, indexes, … etc. )

·         Physical structures ( control files, redolog files, data files, parameter file,..etc.)

ORACLE DB SERVER ARCHITECHTURE DIAGRAM:

   è You will learn later in detail more about each and every component  operation structure of the Oracle DB Server and structure of the Oracle Database where they are relevent to the performance of specific database management tasks.

COMMON ORACLE DBA TASKS:

As an Oracle DBA, you can expect to be involved in the following tasks:

• Installing Oracle software
• Creating Oracle databases
• Performing upgrades of the database and software to new release levels
• Starting up and shutting down the database
• Managing the database's storage structures
• Managing users and security
• Managing schema objects, such as tables, indexes, and views
• Making database backups and performing recovery when necessary
• Proactively monitoring the database's health and taking preventive or corrective action as required
• Monitoring and tuning performance

In a small to midsize database environment, you might be the sole person performing these tasks. In large, enterprise environments, the job is often divided among several DBAs, each with their own area of specialty, such as the database security administrator or database tuning expert.

TOOLS FOR ADMINISTERING THE DATABASE:

The intent of this book is to allow you to quickly and efficiently create an Oracle database, and to provide guidance in basic database administration.

The following are some of the products, tools, and utilities you can use in achieving your goals as a database administrator.

• Oracle Universal Installer (OUI)

The Oracle Universal Installer installs your Oracle software and options. It can automatically launch the Database Configuration Assistant to install a database.

• Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA)

The Database Configuration Assistant creates a database from templates that are Oracle supplied, or you can create your own. It enables you to copy a preconfigured seed database, thus saving the time and effort of customizing and generating a database from scratch.

• Database Upgrade Assistant

This tools guides you through the upgrade of your existing database to a new Oracle release.

• Oracle Net Manager

This tool guides you through your Oracle Net network configuration.

• Oracle Enterprise Manager

The primary tool for managing your database is Oracle Enterprise Manager, a web-based interface. After you have installed the Oracle software, created or upgraded a database, and configured the network, you can use Oracle Enterprise Manager as the single interface for managing your database. In addition, Oracle Enterprise Manager also provides an interface for performance advisors and an interface for Oracle utilities such as SQL*Loader and Recovery Manager.